Safety of Artificial Turf Once Again Called Into Question by AP-- and by Swifties

[XLFD]

The Associated Press (AP) recently weighed in on the grass vs. artificial turf debate, this was reprinted fully in TV 13 on your side's website, The Manistee newspaper, the Huron Daily Tribune, and numerous other media outlets across the state, nation and world.  It needs to be reviewed by all of the local school officials who used $1,4 million in school bond money to install Astroturf at Oriole Field and usher in all of the problems that come with it.  Ask them why there was never a public discussion about whether to retain safe and natural grass or spend decades worth of grass field maintenance fees on Astroturf that needs to be replaced within a decade? 

Can you guess why this article may have been put out at this time?  Our answer at the end of the AP article.

Which playing surface is safer for athletes: natural grass or artificial turf?

(AP) The question is important not just in football, but also for soccer, recreational sports and high school and college athletics — anywhere athletes make sudden shifts in direction that can twist joints and tear ligaments.

Scientists continue to study the question, but there are challenges to getting the answer right. There are variables to take into account: the player’s age and physical shape, weather and surface conditions, the type of shoes and whether the injuries involved contact with other players. And surfaces have changed over the years with new technology.

The debate was revived when Aaron Rodgers tore his Achilles’ tendon during an NFL game on artificial turf. Although Rodgers’ injury may have been just as likely on grass because of the circumstances, that hasn’t stopped the wrangling.

What does the science say and what are the challenges

LOOKING BACK AT INJURY RATES

Some studies look back at injury rates, while making adjustments for other factors that could be in play. That type of study is good, but will never be able to keep up with innovation, said Dr. Calvin Hwang, a team doctor for Stanford’s football players and the San Jose Earthquakes soccer team.

“There’s always evolving technology, both with grass, but especially with artificial turf,” Hwang said. “The newer generation turfs may be safer than older generation turfs. And so studies that were done five or six years ago may not be including some of those newer generation turfs.”

Still, Hwang, who treats players who play home games on grass, said the research he’s seen leads him to believe that grass is safer.

Recently, a group of researchers reviewed studies on the topic. They looked at 53 articles published between 1972 and 2020, on injuries in professional and amateur sports, including football, soccer, rugby, field hockey and ultimate Frisbee. The authors didn’t specify whether the studies included injuries involving a direct blow from another player, or just non-contact injuries.

The studies suggest “a higher rate of foot and ankle injuries on artificial turf, both old-generation and new-generation turf, compared to natural grass,” they wrote in a paper published last year in the American Journal of Sports Medicine. Knee and hip injuries were similar on both surfaces, they wrote. The authors noted that studies reporting a higher rate of injury on grass received financial support from the artificial turf industry.

Similar findings were reported in a separate study that analyzed 4,801 NFL foot and leg injuries during 2012-2016 regular season games. That research found 16% more injuries per play on artificial turf compared to grass. The authors concluded that if all games had been played on grass during that period there would have been 319 fewer foot and leg injuries. Looking only at non-contact injuries the risk was even higher, about 20% more injuries per play.

THE DEBATE

In the NFL, the players’ union prefers grass and has been pushing for it. The NFL says some artificial turf fields are safer than some grass fields and wants to reduce injuries on all surfaces. About half the NFL stadiums use artificial turf.

Both sides use the same data on non-contact injury rates, but have interpreted the figures differently.

The data collected for the NFL and players union is not publicly available. The company that analyzes the data, IQVIA, did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

Artificial turf is made from plastic fibers that resemble grass with a cushioning infill made of granulated rubber, sand, cork or coconut fiber.

“The upside of turf is that players feel more nimble, they feel faster,” said Dr. Brian Cole, orthopedic surgeon and team doctor for basketball’s Chicago Bulls. “The downside is they’re faster. It’s a collision sport. Velocity goes up and collisions go up.”

SHOE CLEATS AND SURFACES

Dr. Joseph Donnelly has repaired numerous torn ACLs in female high school soccer players in the Bay Area where most high school athletes play on artificial turf. Female athletes are more likely than males to suffer ACL injuries in sports such as soccer that require sudden changes in direction, studies have shown.

“It’s an epidemic,” said Donnelly, an orthopedic surgeon at Stanford Health Care. “When these ladies tear their ACLs, we fix them, we send them back and then they’re actually more likely to tear their opposite ACL.”

He dug into the research. One study from 2016 used a hydraulic testing machine to simulate shoes with different style cleats pivoting on various playing surfaces. Shoes with blade-shaped cleats on artificial turf were a dangerous combination. The traction from the blade-shaped cleats increased the twisting force on the knee.

“You’re not going to be able to change the surface you play on,” Donnelly said. “So we do try to get them to use a cleat that has a favorable interaction with the turf.”

Some young athletes don’t want to give up their favorite cleats because they worry about performance on the field, he said. Like other sports medicine experts interviewed for this story, he thinks grass is safer.

“There’s no question that there is less torque when you’re on grass no matter what cleats you’re wearing,” he said.

HYBRID SURFACES

For big stadiums, aside from player safety, there are financial pressures that favor artificial turf, which offers more flexibility for events like concerts. Weather and upkeep are part of the equation. A poorly maintained grass field can cause injuries.

The future may be hybrid fields. The Green Bay Packers’ Lambeau Field in Wisconsin has featured Kentucky bluegrass sod weaved in with synthetic fibers since 2018.

Grass or hybrid fields may get a boost from the 2026 World Cup. The regulations for the tournament have not yet been published, but grass has been preferred for all past men’s World Cups. Seven of the 11 U.S. venues are NFL stadiums with artificial turf. And in a recent ESPN interview, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell said the stadiums will be putting in hybrid surfaces for the tournament.

Grass field technology has improved, Cole said. “They can do it when it’s 110 (degrees) and they can do it when it’s 30 below zero in Green Bay. So it can be done. And I think the science is clearly enabling them to do it at this point.”

The Ludington Torch has previously pointed out some of the studies used and appreciates the effort by AP to address the problem, but why have they waited until now to weigh into the debate as America's most influential news service?  Quarterback Aaron Rodgers' injury was weeks ago, and a few other serious turf-caused injuries has occurred since in the professional and college gridiron games.  

Credit Taylor Swift for that.  Swift's boyfriend, Travis Kelce, appeared to have had a lower-leg injury in the first quarter of an away game for the Kansas City Chiefs on artificial turf scheduled for replacement.  Taylor Swift's national fanbase took notice.  Swifties instantly became ardent fans against turf, believing that Taylor's beau health woe was caused by the surface.  The replay seems to show that the turf was the culprit.  Luckily, for the NFL owners, Kelce would come back after the injury in the second half and play well.  

With millions of Taylor Swift fans now behind them, will NFL owners finally give into the wishes of a majority of the players, almost all professional soccer players, and most fans to install natural grass over the fake stuff?  We can only hope.  For the toxic, irrational mindset that wants to excavate acres of prime playing field grass and install fields made of plastic fibers, crystalized silica, and crumb rubber, proven dangerous to the health and safety of athletes and the neighborhood, needs to be fixed.

[Willy]

Good article X. I'm afraid the taxpayers are stuck with plastic grass for many years to come along with the toxic chemicals, injuries and the wallet emptying process involved with owning the fake turf. One thing good about the fake grass is there won't be any dandelions growing on it or any deer eating it. As long as the teams go undefeated every year while playing on it, I will be happy. 

[XLFD]

Yeah, I know we're stuck with turf for the duration of its usefulness (give it 8-10 years) here at Oriole Field, but I hope to have a string of "II-told-you-so" moments for the school district along the way so they don't do what they did this time.  That was to covertly, secretly even, sneak this into an agenda packet for approval without any public discussion on whether this was a smart move or not.  No analysis of whether the money saved on watering and maintenance will add up to the huge installation costs needing to be paid every decade-=- probably because the maths don't work in their favor, not even close.  

If I can bring this up a couple of times a year or so over the next decade, maybe we can make the school district actually do an objective analysis when it comes time to replace the carpet.